This lab walkthrough explores the analysis of a sophisticated multi-stage malware sample, focusing on reverse engineering techniques and behavioral analysis using tools such as x64dbg , IDA Pro , and VirusTotal. The investigation begins with examining an executable that deploys an obfuscated first-stage payload, which dynamically decrypts and executes additional code in memory. By stepping through the execution flow, key anti-analysis techniques, system reconnaissance methods, and memory-based execution strategies are uncovered. A significant part of the analysis involves dissecting the shellcode’s behavior, including its checks for virtualized environments and sandbox detection mechanisms. By bypassing these security features, deeper insights into the malware’s second-stage execution are revealed. The study then shifts towards identifying and reversing the payload’s encryption routines, highlighting how malware authors attempt to conceal their operations.
Furthermore, the lab delves into the manipulation of system APIs, showcasing how the malware interacts with critical Windows components to evade detection. The role of well-known open-source tools in facilitating stealthy in-memory execution is also explored. Finally, the extracted payload is subjected to further scrutiny through static and dynamic analysis, ultimately leading to its classification using threat intelligence platforms.
This walkthrough is designed to guide analysts through a structured reverse engineering process, demonstrating practical methods for deconstructing modern malware and understanding its underlying techniques. Each step builds upon previously acquired knowledge, reinforcing